====== Term Life Insurance ======
Term life insurance is a straightforward life insurance policy that provides coverage for a specific period, or "term." If the insured person passes away during this pre-defined period, a tax-free, lump-sum payment—the [[death benefit]]—is given to their chosen beneficiaries. Think of it as renting protection for the years you need it most. Unlike its more complex cousin, [[whole life insurance]], term life has no investment or savings component. It is pure, unadulterated insurance. This simplicity is its greatest strength, making it the most affordable way to secure a large amount of coverage. Once the term ends, the policy expires. If you've outlived it, there's no payout, and the [[premium]] payments stop. It's designed to protect your loved ones from financial hardship during a specific window of time, like while you're raising children or paying off a mortgage.
===== Why a Value Investor Might Choose Term Life =====
For a value investor, efficiency and clarity are king. Term life insurance scores high on both fronts, making it the preferred choice for many, including famous investors like [[Warren Buffett]]. The philosophy is simple: handle your financial needs with the most efficient tools available and don't mix jobs. Insurance is for managing risk, and investing is for growing wealth. Term life excels at the first job without complicating it with the second.
==== Buy Term and Invest the Difference ====
This is the golden rule for value-minded individuals. The strategy, often called "BTAID," is beautifully simple:
  * **Buy Term:** Purchase an inexpensive term life policy that covers your family's financial needs for as long as necessary.
  * **Invest the Difference:** Calculate the difference in premiums between your affordable term policy and a much more expensive whole life policy. Then, take that savings and invest it consistently in assets with better growth potential, such as low-cost [[index funds]] or individual [[stocks]].
By unbundling insurance from investing, you gain transparency, lower costs, and greater control over your capital. Whole life policies often come with high fees and mediocre investment returns, hidden within a complex structure. BTAID puts you back in the driver's seat, allowing you to build wealth far more effectively while your low-cost term policy stands guard.
===== Key Considerations When Buying Term Life =====
Getting the right term policy is about matching the product to your specific life circumstances. It’s not a one-size-fits-all product.
==== How Much Coverage and For How Long? ====
  * **Term Length:** Your policy's term should last as long as your major financial obligations. A common approach is to match it to the years left on your mortgage or until your youngest child is financially independent. Typical terms are 10, 20, or 30 years.
  * **Coverage Amount:** How much is enough? A popular rule of thumb is to secure a death benefit equal to **10 to 12 x your annual income**. However, a more precise calculation should consider all your family's needs: paying off debts (mortgage, car loans, credit cards), replacing your income for a set number of years, and funding future goals like college tuition.
==== Policy Features and Insurer Quality ====
  * **Convertibility:** A [[convertible term policy]] is a valuable feature. It gives you the right to convert your term policy into a permanent one later in life without needing a new medical exam. This is a great option to have if your health changes or your needs evolve.
  * **Riders:** These are optional add-ons that customize your policy for an extra cost. Common [[riders]] include a waiver of premium (which pays your premiums if you become disabled) or an accelerated death benefit (which allows you to access some of the death benefit if you're diagnosed with a terminal illness).
  * **Insurer's Financial Strength:** An insurance policy is only as good as the company's ability to pay the claim. Before buying, check the insurer's [[financial strength rating]] from independent agencies like [[A.M. Best]], [[Standard & Poor's]], or Moody's. Look for companies with high ratings (e.g., A, A+, or A++ from A.M. Best) to ensure they are financially sound.
===== Term Life vs. Whole Life: A Quick Comparison =====
Understanding the fundamental differences helps clarify why term life is often the smarter financial choice.
=== Term Life Insurance ===
  * **Purpose:** Pure protection.
  * **Cost:** Low premiums for a high death benefit.
  * **Duration:** A fixed period (e.g., 20 years).
  * **Value:** No savings component; expires without value if you outlive the term.
=== Whole Life Insurance ===
  * **Purpose:** Protection //plus// a forced savings component.
  * **Cost:** Significantly higher premiums.
  * **Duration:** Covers your entire life.
  * **Value:** Builds a tax-deferred [[cash value]] that you can borrow against or surrender, but this comes at the cost of high fees and lower investment returns.